The construction sector is focusing on developing agile and sustainable technologies, leveraging recycled materials while integrating advanced digital approaches. In this context, 3D concrete printing by extrusion has emerged as a key solution, positioned at the intersection of materials engineering, flexible production methods, and robotics. This innovative technology enables the production of topologically optimised and complex shapes at reduced costs, outperforming traditional methods such as casting or masonry.

However, 3D concrete printing by extrusion requires a formulation strategy of cement-based inks that meets the specific process requirements while minimising their carbon footprint. This is achieved by using recycled aggregates and alternative binders with low cement content. In parallel, innovations in robotics and artificial intelligence enhance the capabilities of 3D printing by automating processes and ensuring real-time quality control through adaptive filament deposition adjustments.

These technological advancements are at the core of the European project 3DFORMWORKS, funded under the FWVl Interreg program, which aims to develop innovative stay-in-place formworks using low-carbon cement-based inks for applications in civil engineering and refractory materials. Key potential applications include complex formworks for columns or mushroom-shaped pillars, as well as impact plates for tundishes in the continuous casting process within the steel industry.

Sandra Abdelouhab (1), Camille Zoude (1) , David Bulteel (2), Louise Bétremieux (2), Sébastien Remond (3), Antoine Delamou (3), Khadija El Cheick (4), Julie Pierard (4), Rochdi Merzouki (5), Abdelkader Belarouci (5), Othman Lakhal (6), Ame Saleh (6)

Sandra Abdelouhab (1), Camille Zoude (1) , David Bulteel (2), Louise Bétremieux (2), Sébastien Remond (3), Antoine Delamou (3), Khadija El Cheick (4), Julie Pierard (4), Rochdi Merzouki (5), Abdelkader Belarouci (5), Othman Lakhal (6), Ame Saleh (6)